Changes in fasting patterns during Ramadan, and associated clinical outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: A narrative review of epidemiological studies over the last 20 years

Although religious guidance exempts some Muslims with type 2 diabetes from fasting during Ramadan, many choose to fast. The associated risks for adults includes hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, dehydration, and thrombosis. Thus, it is important that healthcare professionals support individuals who fast minimize risks. We reviewed three epidemiologic studies understand how patterns Ramadan clinical outcomes in have evolved over two decades (2000–2020). Over a period of time people choosing are displaying increasingly complex profiles terms their diabetes, increased disease duration, greater body mass index, elevated pre-Ramadan mean glycated hemoglobin levels. Despite this, the most recent study, >85% still chose Increased risk hypoglycemia remains major concern despite improvements time, which could be attributable enhanced education programs, changes treatment and/or dose prior Ramadan. Our review highlights evolution serves as an update provide appropriate ensure safe rewarding.